List of open clusters

The open cluster Messier 6 in the constellation Scorpius is also known as the Butterfly Cluster or NGC 6405

This is a list of open clusters located in the Milky Way. An open cluster is an association of up to a few thousand stars that all formed from the same giant molecular cloud. There are over 1,000 known open clusters in the Milky Way galaxy, but the actual total may be up to ten times higher.[1] The estimated half-lives of clusters, after which half the original cluster members will have been lost, range from 150 million to 800 million years, depending on the original density.[2]

Table

Milky Way

Known and candidate Milky Way open clusters
Cluster
identifier 		Image Epoch J2000 Constellation Distance
(Light-years) 		Age
(Myr) 		Diameter Apparent
magnitude 		Notes
R. A. Dec.
Hyades 04h 26.9m +15° 52′ Taurus 153 625 330' 0.5 [3]
Coma Star Cluster 12h 22.5m +25° 51′ Coma Berenices 280 400-500 120' 1.8 [4]
Messier 45 (Pleiades) 03h 47.4m +24° 07′ Taurus 444 125 120' 1.2 [5]
IC 2602 (Southern Pleiades/Theta Carinae Cluster) 10h 43.2m −64° 24′ Carina 486 30 100' 1.9 [6]
Alpha Persei Cluster 03h 26.0m +49° 07′ Perseus 570 50 300' 1.2 [7]
IC 2391 (Omicron Velorum Cluster) 08h 40.6m −53° 02′ Vela 574 30 60' 2.5 [6]
NGC 2451 A 07h 45.4m −37° 58′ Puppis 600 50 45' 2.8 [8][9]
Messier 44 (Beehive Cluster) 08h 40.4m +19° 41′ Cancer 610 830 70' 3.1 [10][11]
Melotte 186 18h 01.1m +02° 54′ Ophiuchus 652 100 240' 3.0 [12]
Blanco 1 00h 04.3m −29° 56′ Sculptor 850+160
−130 		100 90' 4.5 [6]
Messier 7 (Ptolemy's Cluster) 17h 53.8m −34° 47′ Scorpius 980 ± 33 224 80' 3.3 [8][13]
Messier 39 (Pyramid Cluster) 21h 31.8m +48° 27′ Cygnus 1,010 280 30' 4.6 [1][8]
IC 348 03h 44.6m +32° 10′ Perseus 1,028 44 7' 7.3 [1]
NGC 6633 18h 27.7m +06° 34′ Ophiuchus 1,040 660 20' 4.6 [14]
Pi Puppis Cluster 07h 08m −37° 10′ Puppis 1,040.5 50' 2.1 [15]
NGC 2232 06h 26.4m −04° 45′ Monoceros 1,060 53 45' 3.9 [1][8]
Trumpler 10 08h 47.8m −42° 29′ Vela 1,100 35 14' 4.6 [1][8]
IC 4665 (Summer Beehive Cluster) 17h 46.3m +05° 43′ Ophiuchus 1,120 43 70' 4.2 [1]
NGC 2547 08h 10.8m −49° 18′ Vela 1,190 38 25' 4.7 [8]
Collinder 140 07h 24.5m −31° 51′ Canis Major 1,226 35 42' 3.5 [1][8]
IC 4756 (Graff's Cluster) 18h 39.0m −05° 27′ Serpens 1,300 500 40' 4.6 [1][8]
NGC 2516 (Southern Beehive Cluster) 07h 58.0m −60° 48′ Carina 1,300 141 30' 3.8 [8][13]
Lambda Orionis Cluster 05h 35m +09° 56′ Orion 1,300 5 2.8 [16]
NGC 3532 (Wishing Well Cluster) 11h 06.4m −58° 40′ Carina 1,321 316 50' 3.0 [8][13]
Trapezium Cluster 5h 35.4m −05° 27′ Orion 1,344 ± 20 0.3 0.783' 4.0 [17]
NGC 752 01h 57.7m +37° 47′ Andromeda 1,470 1,700–2,000 75' 5.7 [18]
Messier 34 (Spiral Cluster) 02h 42.1m +42° 46′ Perseus 1,500 180 36' 5.2 [1][13]
Messier 6 (Butterfly Cluster) 17h 40.1m −32° 13′ Scorpius 1,590 94 20' 4.2 [1]
Messier 47 07h 36.6m −14° 30′ Puppis 1,600 73 25' 4.4 [1]
NGC 6281 (Moth Wing Cluster) 17h 04.7m −37° 59′ Scorpius 1,611 220 8' 5.4 [1]
NGC 1980 (The Lost Jewel of Orion) 5h 25.43m −05° 54′ Orion 1,793 4.7 14' 2.5 [19]
Messier 25 18h 31.7m −19° 07′ Sagittarius 2,000 92 30' 4.6 [1]
Messier 23 17h 57.0m −18° 59′ Sagittarius 2,050 300 30' 5.5 [1][13]
NGC 5662 14h 35.6m −56° 37′ Centaurus 2,170 70 30' 5.5 [1][13]
NGC 225 00h 43.6m +61° 46′ Cassiopeia 2,200 130 12' 7.0 [1]
NGC 5460 14h 07.4m −48° 20′ Centaurus 2,350 160 36' 5.6 [1][13]
NGC 2264 06h 41.0m +09° 53′ Monoceros 2,350 ± 52 1.5 40' 3.9 [20]
Messier 41 06h 46.0m −20° 46′ Canis Major 2,360 240 40' 4.5 [1][13]
NGC 6025 16h 03.3m −60° 26′ Triangulum Australe 2,410 130 14' 5.1 [1][13]
Messier 48 08h 13.7m −05° 45′ Hydra 2,500 400 30' 5.8 [1]
IC 5146 21h 53.5m +47° 16′ Cygnus 2,500±100 1 9' 7.2 [1]
Messier 67 (King Cobra Cluster/Golden Eye Cluster) 08h 51.3m +11° 48′ Cancer 2,610 – 2,930 4,000 25' 6.9 [1][13]
NGC 2301 06h 51.75m +00° 28′ Monoceros 2,840 165 12' 6.0 [21]
Messier 50 (Heart-shaped Cluster) 07h 02.6m −08° 23′ Monoceros 2,870 130 14' 5.9 [22]
IC 4651 17h 24.8m −49° 56′ Ara 2,900 1,900 10' 6.9 [1][13]
NGC 7822 (Berkeley 59) 00h 04.0m +68° 35′ Cepheus 2,900 2 180' [23]
Messier 35 (Shoe-Buckle Cluster) 06h 09.1m +24° 21′ Gemini 2,970 180 25' 5.0 [22]
NGC 3114 10h 02.7m −60° 07′ Carina 2,970 124 36' 4.2 [1]
NGC 381 01h 08.3m +61° 35′ Cassiopeia 3,120 ± 300 320 7' 9.3 [1]
Messier 93 (Critter Cluster) 07h 44.6m −23° 52′ Puppis 3,380 390 10' 6.2 [1]
NGC 1502 (Golden Harp Cluster) 04h 07.8m +62° 20′ Camelopardalis 3,452 10 8' 5.7 [1]
Messier 38 (Starfish Cluster) 05h 28.7m +35° 51′ Auriga 3,480 316 20' 6.4 [1]
NGC 6087 (S Normae Cluster) 16h 18.8m −57° 56′ Norma 3,500 70 14' 5.4 [1][13]
NGC 6204 16h 46.1m −47° 01′ Ara 3,540 79 6' 8.2 [1]
Collinder 121 07h 08m −37° 10′ Canis Major 3,590 ± 0.72 50' 2.6 [24]
NGC 2169 06h 08.4m +13° 58′ Orion 3,600 12 5' 5.9 [1]
NGC 2360 (Caroline's Cluster) 07h 17.7m −15° 38′ Canis Major 3,700 1,000 13' 7.2 [1][13]
Messier 21 (Webb's Cross) 18h 04.2m −22° 29′ Sagittarius 3,930 12 14' 5.9 [1]
NGC 189 00h 39.7m +61° 04′ Cassiopeia 4,200 10 3.7' 8.8 [1]
Messier 18 (Black Swan Cluster) 18h 20.0m −17° 06′ Sagittarius 4,230 17 5' 6.9 [1]
Messier 36 (Pinwheel Cluster) 05h 36.2m +34° 08′ Auriga 4,340 ± 0.87 25 10' 6.0 [1]
NGC 6242 16h 55.6m −39° 28′ Scorpius 4,350 ± 0.53 50 9' 6.4 [1][13]
Messier 37 (Salt and Pepper Cluster) 05h 52.3m +32° 33′ Auriga 4,500 347 14' 5.6 [1]
Messier 52 (Scorpion Cluster) 23h 24.8m +61° 35′ Cassiopeia 4,600 160 15 6.9 [1]
NGC 6067 16h 13.2m −54° 13′ Norma 4,621 170 14' 5.6 [1][13]
NGC 2362 (Tau Canis Majoris Cluster) 07h 18.6m −24° 59′ Canis Major 4,830 ± 0.97 4–5 5' 4.1 [25]
Messier 46 07h 41.7m −14° 49′ Puppis 4,920 ± 980 250 20' 6.1 [1]
Messier 26 18h 45.3m −09° 23′ Scutum 5,160 85 7' 8.0 [1]
NGC 2244 (Satellite Cluster) 06h 31.9m +04° 56′ Monoceros 5,200 1.9 30' 4.8 [1]
NGC 2355 07h 17.0m +13° 47′ Gemini 5,380 955 5' 9.7 [1][13]
NGC 188 (Polarissima Cluster) 00h 48.4m +85° 15′ Cepheus 5,400 6,600 17' 8.1 [13][26]
NGC 129 00h 30.0m +60° 13′ Cassiopeia 5,450 76 21′ 6.5 [27]
NGC 3766 (Pearl Cluster) 11h 36.2m −61° 37′ Centaurus 5,500 14 12' 5.3
NGC 6231 (Baby Scorpion Cluster) 16h 54.1m −41° 50′ Scorpius 5,600 ± 400 6 14' 2.6 [1][13]
Messier 16 (Eagle Nebula) 18h 18.8m −13° 49′ Serpens 5,700 ± 400 1.3 6' 6.0 [1]
Messier 11 (Wild Duck Cluster) 18h 51.1m −06° 16′ Scutum 6,120 250 13' 5.8 [1][13][28]
NGC 2175 06h 09.7m +20° 29′ Orion 6,350 8.9 5' 6.8 [1]
NGC 6756 19h 08.7m +04° 42′ Aquila 6,363 62 4' 4.5 [1]
NGC 4755 (Jewel Box) 12h 53.6m −60° 22′ Crux 6,500 14 10' 4.2 [1][13]
NGC 6200 16h 44.1m −47° 28′ Ara 6,700 8.5 12' 7.4 [29]
NGC 6031 16h 07.9m −54° 03′ Norma 6,800 ± 2.3 117 3' 8.5 [1][30]
NGC 663 01h 46.1m +61° 14′ Cassiopeia 6,850 25 14' 7.1 [1]
NGC 637 01h 43.0m +64° 02′ Cassiopeia 7,045 ± 1.409 10 4.2' 8.2 [1]
NGC 2129 06h 01.1m +23° 19′ Gemini 7,200 10 5' 6.7 [1][31]
NGC 869 (h Persei) 02h 19.1m +57° 09′ Perseus 7,460 12 18' 3.7 [1]
NGC 1931 05h 31.0m +34° 15′ Auriga 7,500 10 3' 10.1 [1]
NGC 884 (χ Persei) 02h 22.0m +57° 08′ Perseus 7,600 14 18' 3.8 [1][13]
NGC 7789 (White Rose Cluster) 23h 57.4m +56° 43′ Cassiopeia 7,600 1,700 16' 6.7 [32]
NGC 457 (Dragonfly Cluster) 01h 19.1m +58° 17′ Cassiopeia 7,922 21 20' 6.4 [33]
Collinder 261 12h 38.0m −68° 22′ Musca 8,150 8,000 9' 10.7 [34][35]
NGC 659 (Yin-Yang Cluster) 01h 44.4m +60° 40′ Cassiopeia 8,200 35 5' 7.9 [1]
NGC 3293 10h 35.8m −58° 13′ Carina 8,400 8 8' 4.7
NGC 7419 22h 54.3m +60° 48.9′ Cepheus 9,130 2' 13
Messier 103 01h 33.4m +60° 39′ Cassiopeia 9,400 16 5' 7.4 [36]
NGC 2509 08h 00.7m −19° 04′ Puppis 9,500 Uncertain[37] 10' 9.3 [38]
Messier 24 (Small Sagittarius Star Cloud) 18h 17.0m −18° 29′ Sagittarius 10,000 220 90' 2.5 [1][13]
NGC 6834 19h 52.2m +29° 25′ Cygnus 10,850 76 5' 7.8 [1][30]
NGC 2158 06h 07.4m +24° 06′ Gemini 11,000 1,054 5' 8.6 [1]
NGC 2439 07h 40.8m −31° 41′ Puppis 12,570 25 9' 6.9 [1][13]
NGC 6791 19h 20.9m +37° 46′ Lyra 13,300 8,900 16' 9.5 [1][13]
NGC 2204 06h 15.5m −18° 40′ Canis Major 13,400 ± 1.3 787 13' 8.6 [1]
Gaia 1 06h 45.9m −16° 45′ Canis Major 15,000 6,300 13' 8.3
Teutsch 2 05h 41.4m +39° 14′ Auriga 18,590 900 2' 11 [39]
Alicante 7 (RSGC5) 18h 44m 29.45s −03° 30′ 02.4″ Scutum 19,600 16–20
Alicante 10 (RSGC6) 18h 45m 30s −03° 40′ 00″ Scutum 19,600 16–20
Arches Cluster 17h 45m 50.5s −28° 49′ 28″ Sagittarius 25,000 2,500,000
Arp-Madore 2 07h 38.8m −33° 51′ Puppis 30,000 5,000 1.3' [40]
Ru 7 06h 58.9m −13° 15′ Canis Major

Local Group

Open clusters of the Local Group[41]
Identifier Image Epoch J2000 Diameter
(′) 		Apparent
Magnitude 		Galaxy
Right ascension Declination
NGC 2070 05h 38.7m −69° 06′ 3.5' 7.25 LMC[42][43]
Hodge 301 05h 38.5m −69° 04′ 0.5' 11 LMC[44][45]

See also

References

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