List of codecs

The following is a list of compression formats and related codecs.

Audio compression formats

Main article: Audio coding format

Non-compression

  • Linear pulse-code modulation (LPCM, generally only described as PCM) is the format for uncompressed audio in media files and it is also the standard for CD-DA; note that in computers, LPCM is usually stored in container formats such as WAV, AIFF, or AU, or as raw audio format, although not technically necessary.
  • Pulse-density modulation (PDM)
    • Direct Stream Digital (DSD) is standard for Super Audio CD
      • foobar2000 Super Audio CD Decoder (based on MPEG-4 DST reference decoder)
      • FFmpeg (based on dsd2pcm)
  • Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM)

Lossless compression

Main article: Lossless data compression
  • Actively used
    • Most popular
    • Other
      • DTS-HD Master Audio, also known as DTS++ and DCA XLL
        • libdca (decoder only)
        • FFmpeg (decoder only)
      • Dolby TrueHD – Standard for DVD-Audio in Blu-ray (mathematically based on MLP)
        • FFmpeg
      • Meridian Lossless Packing (MLP), also known as Packed PCM (PPCM) – Standard for DVD-Audio in DVD
        • FFmpeg
      • MPEG-4 Audio Lossless Coding (MPEG-4 ALS)
        • SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)
        • FFmpeg (decoding only)
      • MPEG-4 Scalable Lossless Coding (MPEG-4 SLS) – Parts of it are used in HD-AAC.
        • SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)
      • RealAudio Lossless
        • RealPlayer
        • FFmpeg (decoding only)
      • BFDLAC (BFD Lossless Audio Compression).[3] Ongoing development.
        • FXpansion's BFD3 drum software. (2013-2017)
      • L2HC - Huawei
        • Huawei Music
        • NearLink
        • Huawei FreeBuds[4]
    • Oddball
      • ATRAC Advanced Lossless (AAL) – Extremely unpopular
        • FFmpeg (lossy decoder only)
      • Direct Stream Transfer (DST) - Only used for Direct Stream Digital
        • SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)
        • FFmpeg (decoder only)
      • Original Sound Quality (OSQ) - Only used in WaveLab
        • FFmpeg (decoding only)
  • Discontinued
    • Lossless Audio (LA)[5] – No update for 10+ years
    • Shorten (SHN)[6] – Officially discontinued.
      • libshn
      • FFmpeg (decoding only)
    • Lossless Predictive Audio Compression (LPAC) – Predecessor of MPEG-4 ALS
    • Lossless Transform Audio Compression (LTAC) – Predecessor of LPAC
    • MPEG-1 Audio Layer III HD (mp3HD) – Officially discontinued
    • RK Audio (RKAU)[7] – Officially discontinued
      • FFmpeg (decoding only)

Lossy compression

Main article: Lossy data compression § Audio

General/Speech hybrid

  • Unified Speech and Audio Coding (USAC, MPEG-D Part 3, ISO/IEC 23003-3)
    • exhale (encoder only; open source)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only; open source)[8]
  • IETF standards:
    • Opus (RFC 6716) – based on SILK vocoder and CELT codec
      • libopus
      • FFmpeg (decoding and experimental encoding)
  • IETF Internet Draft
    • IPMR Speech Codec[9] - used in Spirit DSP's TeamSpirit Voice&Video Engine[10]

Neural audio codecs

General

  • Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation (ADPCM, also called adaptive delta pulse-code modulation)
  • Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding (ATRAC, used in MiniDisc devices)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • ATSC/ETSI standards:
    • Dolby Digital (AC3, ATSC A/52, ETSI TS 102 366)
      • FFmpeg
      • liba52 (decoder only)
    • Dolby Digital Plus (E-AC-3, ATSC A/52:2012 Annex E, ETSI TS 102 366 Annex E)
      • FFmpeg
    • DTS Coherent Acoustics (DTS, Digital Theatre System Coherent Acoustics, ETSI TS 102 114)
      • FFmpeg
      • libdca (decoder only)
    • Dolby AC-4 (ETSI TS 103 190)
  • Impala Blackbird audio codec
  • ITU standards:
    • G.719
    • G.722
      • FFmpeg
    • G.722.1 (subset of Siren7) and G.722.1 Annex C (subset of Siren14)
      • libg722_1
      • libsiren (part of libmsn and msn-pecan)
    • G.722.2
      • 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[12]
      • opencore-amr (decoder)
      • VisualOn AMR-WB encoder
      • FFmpeg (decoding only)
    • EVS
  • MPEG-1 Audio and MPEG-2 Audio
  • MPEG-4 Audio
    • Advanced Audio Coding (AAC, MPEG-4 Part 3 subpart 4), HE-AAC and AAC-LD
    • Harmonic and Individual Lines and Noise (HILN, MPEG-4 Parametric Audio Coding)
      • MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
    • TwinVQ
      • MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
      • FFmpeg (decoding only)
    • BSAC (Bit-Sliced Arithmetic Coding)
      • MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
  • MPEG-H
  • Musepack (a.k.a. MPEGplus)
    • Musepack SV8 Tools
    • FFmpeg (decoding only)
  • NICAM
  • AT&T Perceptual Audio Coder
  • Precision Adaptive Subband Coding (PASC; a variant of MP1; used in Digital Compact Cassette)
  • QDesign (purchased by DTS)
    • QDesign Music Codec – used in Apple QuickTime
      • FFmpeg (decoding only)
  • PictureTel (purchased by Polycom)
    • Siren 7
      • libg722_1
      • libsiren (part of libmsn and msn-pecan)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • Siren 14
      • libg722_1
      • vgmstream (decoder only)
    • Siren 22
  • NTT TwinVQ
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • NTT TwinVQ Encoder, NTT TwinVQ Player
  • Voxware MetaSound (a variant of NTT TwinVQ)
    • Windows Media Player (voxmsdec.ax)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Vorbis
  • Windows Media Audio (WMA)
  • Cook Codec (Cooker; RealAudio 6)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
AES3
  • SMPTE 302M
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Dolby E
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
Bluetooth
Digital radio
  • Hybrid Digital Coding - used in HD Radio (a.k.a. NRSC-5)
    • NRSC-5 receiver for rtl-sdr (decoder only)
    • gr-nrsc5 (encoder only)[20]

Voice

(low bit rate, optimized for speech)

  • Linear predictive coding (LPC, used in most of the speech codecs listed below)
  • Xiph.Org Foundation
    • Speex, patent free[21]
      • libspeex
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Dialogic ADPCM (VOX)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • ITU standards:
    • G.711 (a-law and μ-law companding; 64 kbit/s), also known as PCM of voice frequencies
    • G.711.0 (G.711 LLC)
    • G.711.1 (Wideband extension for G.711; 64/80/96 kbit/s)
    • G.711.1D (Super-wideband extension for G.711.1; 96/112/128 kbit/s)
    • G.718 (8/12/16/24/32 kbit/s)
    • G.718B (Super-wideband extension for G.718; 28–48 kbit/s)
    • G.719
    • G.721 (superseded by G.726; 32 kbit/s)
    • G.722 (SB-ADPCM; 48/56/64 kbit/s)
      • FFmpeg
    • G.722B (Super-wideband extension for G.722; 64/80/96 kbit/s)
    • G.722.2 (AMR-WB)
      • 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[12]
      • opencore-amr (decoder)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • G.723 (24 and 40 kbit/s DPCM, extension to G.721, superseded by G.726)
    • G.723.1 (MPC-MLQ or ACELP; 5.3/6.3 kbit/s)
      • FFmpeg
    • G.726 (ADPCM; 16/24/32/40 kbit/s)
    • G.727
    • G.728 (LD-CELP; 16 kbit/s)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • G.729 (CS-ACELP; 8 kbit/s)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • G.729a
    • G.729b
    • G.729ab
    • G.729d (6.4 kbit/s)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • G.729e (11.8 kbit/s)
    • G.729.1 (G.729 Annex J; Wideband extension for G.711; 8–32 kbit/s)
    • G.729.1E (Super-wideband extension for G.729.1)
  • Google
  • Nellymoser Asao Codec
    • FFmpeg (libavcodec)
  • RealNetworks
    • RealAudio 1 (VSELP 14.4 kbit/s)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • RealAudio 2 (LD-CELP 28.8 kbit/s)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • PictureTel PT716, PT716plus
  • PictureTel PT724
  • RTAudio – used by Microsoft Live Communication Server
  • SVOPC – used by Skype
  • OpenLPC – created by Future Dynamics[22]
    • HawkVoice (libHVDI)
  • ANSI/SCTE
    • ANSI/SCTE 24-21 2006 (BroadVoice16)
      • BroadVoice Speech Codec Open Source C Code
    • ANSI/SCTE 24-22 2013 (iLBCv2.0)
    • ANSI/SCTE 24-23 2007 (BroadVoice32)
      • BroadVoice Speech Codec Open Source C Code
  • IETF RFCs:
  • IETF Internet Draft
  • MPEG-4 Audio
  • Skyphone MPLP
  • Inmarsat
    • INMARSAT-M IMBE
    • Inmarsat Mini-M AMBE
  • Meta MLow - used in Instagram, Messenger, and WhatsApp.[25]
Microsoft DirectPlay

Those codecs are used by many PC games which use voice chats via Microsoft DirectPlay API.

  • Voxware MetaVoice
    • Windows Media Player (voxmvdec.ax)
  • Truespeech
    • Windows Media Player (tssoft32.acm)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • MS GSM
    • Windows Media Player (msgsm32.acm)
    • libgsm
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • MS-ADPCM
    • Windows Media Player (msadp32.acm)
    • FFmpeg
Digital Voice Recorder
  • International Voice Association (IVA) standards:
    • Digital Speech Standard / Standard Play (DSS-SP)
      • FFmpeg (decoding only)
    • Digital Speech Standard / Quality Play (DSS-QP)
  • Sony LPEC
  • Truespeech Triple Rate CODER (TRC)[26] – used in some pocket recorders
  • Micronas Intermetall MI-SC4 - used by voice recorders such as RadioShack Digital Recorder[27] and I-O DATA HyperHyde[28]
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Sanyo LD-ADPCM - used by Sanyo ICR series[29]
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)[29]
Mobile phone
Generation 2
  • European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) GSM
    • Full Rate (GSM 06.10, RPE-LTP)
      • libgsm
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • Half Rate (GSM 06.20, VSELP 5.6 kbit/s)
    • Enhanced Full Rate (GSM 06.60, ACELP 12.20 kbit/s, compatible with AMR mode AMR_12.20)
  • Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) IS-95 (a.k.a. cdmaOne)
    • IS-96A (QCELP 8 kbit/s)
    • IS-127 (EVRC 8 kbit/s)
    • IS-733 (QCELP 13 kbit/s)
  • Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) IS-54/IS-136 (a.k.a. Digital AMPS)
    • IS-85 (VSELP 8kbit/s)
      • ITU-T G.191's IS-54 implementation
    • IS-641 (ACELP 7.4 kbit/s, compatible with AMR mode AMR_7.40)
  • Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) RCR STD-27 (PDC)
    • PDC-HR (PSI-CELP 3.45 kbit/s)
    • PDC-FR (VSELP 11.2 kbit/s)
    • PDC-EFR CS-ACELP 8 kbit/s (a.k.a. G.729)
    • PDC-EFR ACELP 6.7 kbit/s (compatible with AMR mode AMR_6.70)
Generation 3/4
  • 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
    • Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR)
      • AMR-NB
        • 3GPP TS 26.073 – AMR speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[30]
        • opencore-amr (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libopencore-amrnb to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
        • FFmpeg (by default decoder only, but see above the compiling options to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
      • AMR-WB
        • 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[12]
        • opencore-amr (decoder), from OpenCORE (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libopencore-amrwb to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
        • vo-amrwbenc (encoder), from VisualOn, included in Android (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libvo-amrwbenc to incorporate the VisualOn lib)
        • FFmpeg (by default decoder only, but see above the compiling options).
      • AMR-WB+
        • 3GPP TS 26.273 – AMR-WB+ speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[31]
      • Enhanced Voice Services (EVS)
        • 3GPP TS.26.443 – Codec for Enhanced Voice Services (EVS) – ANSI C code (floating-point)[32]
  • 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2)
Professional mobile radio
  • APCO
    • Project 25 Phase 2 Enhanced Full-Rate (AMBE+2 4400bit/s with 2800bit/s FEC)
    • Project 25 Phase 2 Half-Rate (AMBE+2 2450bit/s with 1150bit/s FEC) – also used in NXDN and DMR
      • mbelib (decoder only)
    • Project 25 Phase 1 Full Rate (IMBE 7200bit/s)
      • mbelib (decoder only)
  • European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
    • ETS 300 395-2 (TETRA ACELP 4.6kbit/s)
  • TETRAPOL
    • RPCELP 6 kbit/s
  • D-STAR Digital Voice (AMBE 2400bit/s with 1200bit/s FEC)
    • mbelib (decoder only)
  • Professional Digital Trunking System Industry Association (PDT Alliance) standards:
    • NVOC – used in China
  • Spirit DSP RALCWI
  • DSPINI
    • SPR Robust
    • TWELP Robust
  • Codec2
    • libcodec2
  • RL-CELP (used in Japanese railways[33][34])
Military
  • U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Federal Standard:
    • FS-1015 (a.k.a. LPC-10)
      • HawkVoice (libHVDI)
    • FS-1016 (CELP)
      • HawkVoice (libHVDI)
    • FS-1023 (CVSD 12kbit/s)
  • United States Military Standard (MIL-STD)
    • MIL-STD-188 113 (CVSD 16 kbit/s and 32 kbit/s)
    • MIL-STD-3005 (a.k.a. MELP)
  • NATO
    • STANAG 4198 (a.k.a. LPC-10e)
      • SpanDSP (open source)
    • STANAG-4591 (a.k.a. MELPe)
      • Microsoft Speech coder
  • BBN NRV – developed in DARPA program[35]

Video games

  • Bink Audio, Smacker Audio
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Actimagine (Nintendo European Research & Development) FastAudio[36]
    • MobiclipDecoder (decoder only)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Nintendo GCADPCM[37] (a.k.a. DSP ADPCM or THP ADPCM) - used in GameCube, Wii and Nintendo 3DS.
    • vgmstream (decoder only)
    • VGAudio
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Sony VAG[37] (a.k.a. Sony PSX ADPCM)
    • vgmstream (decoder only)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Sony HEVAG[37] - used in PS Vita.[38]
    • vgmstream (decoder only)
  • Sony ATRAC9[37] - used in PS4 and PS Vita.
    • VGAudio (decoder only)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Microsoft XMA[37] - WMA variants for Xbox 360 hardware decoding.[39]
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Xbox ADPCM
    • vgmstream (decoder only)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • CRI ADX ADPCM
    • vgmstream (decoder only)
    • VGAudio
    • FFmpeg
  • CRI AHX
  • CRI HCA/HCA-MX - used in CRI ADX2 middleware.[40]
    • vgmstream (decoder only)
    • VGAudio
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • libcgss
    • HCADecoder (decoder only)
  • FMOD FADPCM[41]
    • vgmstream (decoder only)

Text compression formats

Video compression formats

Main article: Video coding format
Further information: Video codec and Comparison of video codecs

Non-compression

  • RGB 4:4:4 (only linear, transfer-converted and bit-reduced also sort of compression up to about 3:1 for HDR)
  • YUV 4:4:4/4:2:2/4:1:1/4:2:0 (all lower 4:4:4 is spatially compressed up to 2:1 for 4:2:0 with specific colour distortions).
    • Intel IYUV
  • 10-bit uncompressed video
  • Composite digital signal - used by SMPTE D-2 and D-3 broadcast digital videocassettes
  • Avid DNxUncompressed (SMPTE RDD 50)
  • V210 - defined by Apple and used by Serial digital interface Input/output video cards[42]

Analog signals

  • PAL broadcast signal
    • Pyctools-PAL (open source)
  • NTSC broadcast signal
    • gr-ntsc (open source)
  • LaserDisc RF signal
    • ld-decode (open source)
  • VHS / S-VHS / U-Matic RF signal
    • VHS-Decode (open source)
  • Composite Video Baseband Signal (CVBS)
    • VHS-Decode's CVBS-Decode (open source)

Lossless video compression

  • ITU-T/ISO/IEC standards:
    • H.264 lossless
      • x264 (encoder only)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only, uses x264 for encoding)
      • NVDEC/NVENC (for NVIDIA GPU)
    • H.265 lossless[43]
      • x265 (encoder only)
      • UHDcode (decoder only, uses x265 to read HEVC encoded files)[44]
      • FFmpeg (decoder only, uses x265 for encoding)[45][46]
      • NVDEC/NVENC (for NVIDIA GPU)
    • Motion JPEG 2000 lossless
      • libopenjpeg
    • JPEG XS lossless
      • FastTICO-XS
  • IETF standards:
    • FFV1 (RFC 9043)[47]  – FFV1's compression factor is comparable to Motion JPEG 2000, but based on quicker algorithms (allows real-time capture). Written by Michael Niedermayer and published as part of FFmpeg under GNU LGPL.
      • FFmpeg
  • SMPTE standards:
    • VC-2 HQ lossless (a.k.a. Dirac Pro lossless)
      • libdirac
      • libschroedinger
  • Alparysoft Lossless Video Codec (Alpary)
  • Apple Animation (QuickTime RLE)
    • QuickTime
    • FFmpeg
  • ArithYuv
  • AV1
  • AVIzlib
    • LCL (VfW codec) MSZH and ZLIB[48]
    • FFmpeg
  • Autodesk Animator Codec (AASC)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • CAI Format
  • CamStudio GZIP/LZO
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Chennai Codec (EVX-1)
    • Cairo Experimental Video Codec (open source)
  • Dxtory
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • FastCodec
  • Flash Screen Video v1/v2[49]
    • FFmpeg
  • FM Screen Capture Codec
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Fraps codec (FPS1)[50]
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Grass Valley Lossless
    • Grass Valley Codec Option
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Huffyuv Huffyuv (or HuffYUV) was written by Ben Rudiak-Gould and published under the terms of the GNU GPL as free software, meant to replace uncompressed YCbCr as a video capture format. It uses very little CPU but takes a lot of disk space. See also ffvhuff which is an "FFmpeg only" version of it.
    • FFmpeg
  • IgCodec
  • Intel RLE
  • innoHeim/Rsupport Screen Capture Codec
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Lagarith A more up-to-date fork of Huffyuv is available as Lagarith[51]
    • Lagarith Codec (VfW codec)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • LOCO[52] - based on JPEG-LS
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • MagicYUV[53]
    • MagicYUV SDK
    • FFmpeg
  • Microsoft RLE (MSRLE)
    • FFmpeg
  • MSU Lossless Video Codec
  • MSU Screen Capture Lossless
  • CorePNG - based on PNG
    • FFmpeg
  • ScreenPresso (SPV1)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • ScreenPressor[54] - a successor of MSU Screen Capture Lossless
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • SheerVideo
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Snow lossless
    • FFmpeg
  • TechSmith Screen Capture Codec (TSCC)[55]
    • EnSharpen Video Codec for QuickTime
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Toponoky
  • Ut Video Codec Suite[56][57]
    • libutvideo
    • FFmpeg
  • VBLE[58]
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • VP9 by Google[59]
    • libvpx
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • YULS
  • ZeroCodec
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • ZMBV (Zip Motion Block Video) Codec - used by DOSBox
    • FFmpeg

Lossless game codecs

  • DXA
    • ScummVM Tools (encoder only)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)

Lossy compression

  • Discrete cosine transform (DCT, used in Digital Betacam[60] and most of the video codecs listed below)

General

  • ITU-T/ISO/IEC standards:
    • H.120
    • H.261 (a.k.a. Px64)
    • MPEG-1 Part 2 (MPEG-1 Video)
    • H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2 (MPEG-2 Video)
      • Canopus ProCoder
      • Cinema Craft Encoder
      • FFmpeg
      • InterVideo Video Decoder
      • MainConcept MPEG-2
      • Microsoft H.263
      • TMPGEnc
      • NVDEC (for NVIDIA GPU)
    • H.263
    • MPEG-4 Part 2 (MPEG-4 Advanced Simple Profile)
    • H.264/MPEG-4 AVC or MPEG-4 Part 10 (MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding), approved for Blu-ray
    • MPEG-4 AVC variants:
      • MPEG-4 Web Video Coding or MPEG-4 Part 29 – a subset of MPEG-4 AVC baseline profile
      • XAVC
    • HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding, H.265, MPEG-H part 2)
      • x265 (encoder only)
      • NVDEC/NVENC (for NVIDIA GPU)
    • Versatile Video Coding (H.266, VVC)
      • VVC Test Model (VTM reference software for VVC; open source)
      • Fraunhofer Versatile Video Decoder (open source; decoder only)
      • Fraunhofer Versatile Video Encoder (open source; encoder only)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • Video Coding for Browsers (VCB)/VP8 (MPEG-4 Part 31, ISO/IEC 14496-31, RFC 6386)
      • libvpx
      • FFmpeg
      • NVDEC (for NVIDIA GPU)
    • Internet Video Coding (ISO/IEC 14496-33, MPEG-4 IVC)
    • Essential Video Coding (EVC; MPEG-5 Part 1; under-development)
      • eXtra-fast Essential Video Encoder (open source; encoder only)
      • eXtra-fast Essential Video Decoder (open source; decoder only)
  • IETF Internet Draft (NETVC)
    • xvc[61]
      • Divideon's reference implementation (open source)
    • Thor[62] (forms the basis of AV1)
      • Cisco's reference implementation (open source)
  • SMPTE standards:
    • VC-1 (SMPTE 421M, subset of Windows Media Video)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
      • NVDEC (for NVIDIA GPU)
    • Dirac (SMPTE 2042-1)
      • Schrödinger
      • dirac-research
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Alliance for Open Media
    • AV1 (AOMedia Video 1)
      • libaom
      • SVT-AV1
      • rav1e (encoder only)
      • dav1d (decoder only)
      • libgav1 (decoder only)
      • NVDEC (for NVIDIA GPU)
  • Xiph.Org Foundation
    • Daala (under development, basis (alongside other formats) of AV1)
      • libdaala (open source)
    • Theora (based on VP3)
      • FFmpeg (decoding only)
      • libtheora (open source)
  • Apple Video (Apple RPZA)
  • Blackbird FORscene video codec
  • Firebird[63] Original FORscene video codec
  • Digital Video Interactive standards:
    • RTV 2.1 (a.k.a. Indeo 2)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • PLV (Production Level Video)
      • ActionMedia II driver (decoder only)
  • Indeo 3[64]/4/5[65]
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Microsoft Video 1 (MSV1, MS-CRAM, based on MotiVE)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Open Media Commons standards:
  • On2 Technologies TrueMotion VP3/VP4, VP5, VP6, VP7; under the name The Duck Corporation: TrueMotion S, TrueMotion 2, TrueMotion RT 2.0
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • RealVideo 1, G2, 8, 9 and 10
    • FFmpeg
    • RealMedia HD SDK
  • RealVideo Fractal Codec (a.k.a. Iterated Systems ClearVideo)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • RealMedia HD (a.k.a. RealVideo 11 or RV60)
    • RealMedia HD SDK
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Snow Wavelet Codec
  • Sorenson Video,[66] Sorenson Spark
    • FFmpeg
  • VP9 by Google; VP10 was not released and instead was integrated into AV1
    • libvpx
    • FFmpeg
    • NVDEC (for NVIDIA GPU)
  • Windows Media Video (WMV)
    • WAX (Part of the Windows Media Series)
    • FFmpeg
  • Guobiao standards (GB/T)
    • Audio Video Standard (AVS)
      • AVS1-P2 (GB/T 20090.2-2006) - used in China Blue High-definition Disc.
        • FFmpeg (decoding only)
      • AVS1-P7 (AVS-M; under-development)
      • AVS2-P2 (GB/T 33475.2-2016, IEEE 1857.4 (draft))
        • uAVS2 Encoder
        • xavs2 (encoder only)
        • davs2 (libdavs2; decoder only)
      • AVS3-P2 (draft, IEEE1857.10)
        • uavs3e (encoder only)
        • uavs3d (decoder only)

AI-based / AI-enhanced video codecs

  • AIVC[67]
  • Deep Render codec[68][69]
  • MPAI
    • AI-Enhanced Video Coding (MPAI-EVC; under development)
    • AI-based End-to-End Video Coding (MPAI-EEV; under development)

Scalable / Layered

VP8,[70] VP9,[70] AV1,[70] and H.266/VVC support scalable modes by default.

  • ITU-T/ISO/IEC standards:
    • Scalable Video Coding (H.264/SVC; H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Annex G; an extension of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC)
    • Scalable High Efficiency Video Coding (SHVC; an extension of H.265/HEVC)
    • Low Complexity Enhancement Video Coding (LCEVC; MPEG-5 Part 2)
      • LCEVC Decoder SDK (open source; decoder only)
      • V-Nova LCEVC SDK
  • SMPTE standards
    • VC-4 Layered Video Extension (SMPTE ST 2058-1:2011)

Intra-frame-only

  • Motion JPEG
    • FFmpeg
    • Morgan Multimedia M-JPEG[71]
    • Pegasus PICVideo M-JPEG
    • MainConcept M-JPEG
  • ISO/IEC standard
    • Motion JPEG 2000 (ISO/IEC 15444-3, ITU-T T.802)
      • libopenjpeg
      • FFmpeg
      • Morgan Multimedia M-JPEG2000[72]
      • Morgan Multimedia dcpPlayer (decoder only)[73]
    • JPEG XS (ISO/IEC 21122) Lightweight Low latency video codec
      • intoPIX fastTICO-XS[74]
    • DV (IEC 61834)
      • FFmpeg
    • MPEG-4 SStP (ISO/IEC 14496-2)
    • Motion JPEG XR (ISO/IEC 29199-3, ITU-T T.833)
    • Animated JPEG XL (ISO/IEC 18181)
  • IETF Internet Draft
    • Advanced Professional Video (AVP)[77]
      • OpenAPV (open source)
      • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Apple ProRes 422/4444
    • FFmpeg
  • Apple Intermediate Codec
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Apple Pixlet
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • AVC-Intra
    • x264 (encoder only)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • AVC-Ultra – a subset of MPEG-4 AVC Hi444PP profile
  • XAVC-I
  • CineForm HD
    • CineForm-SDK  – developed by GoPro (open source)
    • FFmpeg
  • SMPTE standard
    • VC-2 SMPTE standard (a.k.a. Dirac Pro. SMPTE ST 2042)
      • Schrödinger
      • dirac-research
      • VC-2 Reference Encoder and Decoder  – developed by BBC (open source)
      • FFmpeg (the encoder only supports VC-2 HQ profile)
    • VC-3 SMPTE standard (SMPTE ST 2019)
    • VC-5 SMPTE standard (SMPTE ST 2073; a superset of CineForm HD)
    • VC-6 SMPTE standard (SMPTE ST 2117-1)
      • V-Nova VC-6 SDK
  • Grass Valley HQ/HQA/HQX
    • Grass Valley Codec Option
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • NewTek NT25
  • NewTek SpeedHQ - used in Network Device Interface (NDI) protocol
    • NewTek Codec[78]
    • FFmpeg

Stereoscopic 3D / Multiview

  • Multiview Video Coding
  • Multiview High Efficiency Video Coding (MV-HEVC; an extension of H.265/HEVC)
    • MainConcept MV-HEVC Encoder add-on
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • x265 v4.0 or later (encoder only)
    • NVENC[79] (for NVIDIA GPU)

Security and surveillance cameras

  • Guobiao standards (GB/T)
    • AVS-S-P2 (suspended[80])
    • SVAC (GB/T 25724-2010)
  • Infinity CCTV Codec (IMM4/IMM5/IMM6)
    • FFmpeg[81][82] (IMM4 and IMM5 decoder only)
  • CDXL codec
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Cinepak[83] (a.k.a. Apple Compact Video)
    • FFmpeg
  • Photo CD codec
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • MotionPixels - used in MovieCD
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • CD+G (CD+Graphics) codec
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • VLC (decoder only)
  • CD+EG (CD+Extended Graphics) codec

Network video codecs

  • SMPTE RDD
    • LLVC (Low Latency Video Codec; SMPTE RDD 34) - used in Networked Media Interface (NMI; SMPTE RDD 40)
  • HEVC-SCC (Screen Content Coding Extensions)
    • x265 v4.0 or later (encoder only)
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • ZRLE (RFC 6143 7.7.6) - used by VNC
  • Sun Microsystems's CellB video (RTP playload type 25) - used in Solaris's SunVideo Plus[84] and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's vic (Video Conferencing Tool)[85]
  • Xerox PARC's Network Video (nv; RTP playload type 28) - used in Xerox's nv and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's vic (Video Conferencing Tool)
  • CU-SeeMe video codec
  • GoToMeeting codec
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Microsoft

Screen capture video codecs

Bayer/Compressed RAW video codecs

  • CinemaDNG (created by Adobe; used in Blackmagic cameras)
  • Redcode RAW (used in RED cameras) – a modified version of JPEG 2000[91]
    • libredcode
  • ArriRaw (used in Arri cameras)
  • Cineform RAW (used in Silicon Imaging cameras)
    • CineForm-SDK
  • Blackmagic RAW (used in Blackmagic cameras)
    • Blackmagic RAW SDK
  • Cintel RAW (used in Cintel Scanner[92])
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • Apple ProRes RAW
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)[93]
  • intoPIX TICO RAW[94]
    • intoPIX fastTICO-RAW SDK & TICO-RAW FPGA/ASIC libraries[95]
  • Canon CRX - used in Canon Cinema Raw Light movie
    • Canon RAW Plugin for Avid Media Access
    • LibRaw (decoder only; open source)
  • Sony X-OCN

Video games

  • Bink Video, Smacker video
    • FFmpeg
    • libavcodec
  • Nintendo Mobiclip video codec
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • CRI Sofdec codec - a MPEG variant with 11-bit DC and color space correction;[96] used in Sofdec middleware
  • CRI P256 - used in Sofdec middleware for Nintendo DS[97]
  • Indeo Video Interactive (aka Indeo 4/5) - used in PC games for Microsoft Windows
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
    • Intel Indeo Video

Real-time

  • RivaTuner video codec (RTV1/RTV2)
    • FFmpeg (RTV1 decoder only)
  • Hap/Hap Alpha/Hap Q
    • VIDVOX hap codec
    • FFmpeg
  • DXV Codec
    • Resolume DXV Codec
    • FFmpeg
  • NotchLC
    • FFmpeg (decoder only)
  • VESA Display Stream Compression (DSC)
  • VESA Display Compression-M (VDC-M)

See also

References

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  2. ^ "About lossless audio in Apple Music". 25 October 2021.
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  4. ^ Matsui, Emiko (2023-09-19). "Huawei L2HC 3.0 delivers 1.5Mbps lossless sound quality, 4X faster than Apple's AAC". Huawei Central. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  5. ^ "Lossless Audio Homepage". www.lossless-audio.com.
  6. ^ Shorten Lossless Audio Compression Format (SHN), Version 3.5.1 Library of Congress
  7. ^ "RK Audio - Hydrogenaudio Knowledgebase". wiki.hydrogenaud.io.
  8. ^ FFmpeg 7.1 Released With VVC Decoder Promoted To Stable, Vulkan H.264/H.265 Encode. Phoronix. 30 September 2024.
  9. ^ IPMR Speech Codec - draft-spiritdsp-ipmr-01.txt IETF
  10. ^ TeamSpirit Voice&Video Engine PC. Spirit DSP
  11. ^ WavTokenizer: A Breakthrough Acoustic Codec Model Redefining Audio Compression. Marktechpost Media. September 3, 2024
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  24. ^ Constrained-Energy Lapped Transform (CELT) Codec - draft-valin-celt-codec-02 IETF
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  94. ^ intoPIX Tico Raw is a format with a huge potential
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